The Kurdamir-Topkhana Field of Kurdistan - Modelling Clinoforms, Dolomitisation, Porosity Distribution and Fracturing

The Kurdamir-Topkhana reservoir consists of carbonates deposited in a passive margin ramp setting during the Oligocene. Six principal facies types have been identified that differentiate between inner, middle and outer ramp facies, as well as differing degrees of dolomitisation. Subtle evidence of most of these features can be identified on seismic inversion (AI) data, which also provide good indications of porosity distribution throughout the reservoir. In addition, multiple fracture sets have been identified in image log data and a discrete fracture network constructed for the field. It presents a considerable challenge to construct a geocellular model that successfully intergrates all of these differing reservoir characteristics and which can be used for history matching and overall reservoir management purposes.