Frequency of mixed infection of Tobacco streak virus and Peanut bud necrosis virus in groundnut

Bud necrosis disease (BND) first recognized in 1968, caused by the Peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV; Tospovirus) is an important constraint to groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production in Southeast Asia, including India. BND symptoms on groundnut include mosaic mottling symptoms on leaves, drooping of petioles followed by terminal bud necrosis. Early infection causes stunting and proliferation of axillary shoots. In 2000, a sever epidemic of BND-like disease was observed in groundnut crop