A validated quantitative HPTLC method for analysis of biomarkers in Ficus carica L.

Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), the ‘fig tree’, is reported to help in the prevention of vein blockage. Its rich fiber content has a laxative effect and fig latex inhibits the growth of carcinoma cells. Despite the wide use in the Indian traditional system of medicine of, especially, the fruit as an antidiabetic drug, and pharmacological investigation of the leaves, very little investigation has been conducted on phytochemical properties of the plant. An HPTLC method has therefore been established for simultaneous quantification of four biomarkers — bergapten, psoralen, rutin, and chlorogenic acid — in different tissues of the plant. Levels of bergapten and psoralen were highest in the leaves and bark whereas amounts in the fruit were negligible. Levels of chlorogenic acid were highest in the fruit and the maximum concentrations of rutin were found in the leaves. It is therefore apparent that the part of the plant to be used as a drug should be decided on the basis of the activity desired.This HPTLC method ca...