Surface plasmon polaritons one-way mode converter based on parity-time symmetry broken system

In this paper, we have proposed a novel periodic surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguide to realize a one-way mode converter which is based on a parity–time (PT) symmetry broken system, and it converts the fundamental TM mode to the first-order TM mode in only forward direction. Periodic gain potentials are put in place to construct the system mentioned in periodic SPP waveguide. Further, as the mode converter contains gain and loss material, light signals will be amplified when it propagates forward, and they will be attenuated toward when they propagate backward. The unidirectional mode converter has wide applications in nonlinearity induced isolation, mode insensitive element and on-chip mode locked laser.