Current State of Art of Plasmonic Nanofiberous Mats as SERS Substrates: Design, Fabrication and Sensor Applications

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a widely used analytical tool that allows molecular fingerprint-based ultra-sensitive detection through an enhanced electromagnetic field generated by the plasmonic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) by virtue of their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Although significant progress has been made in designing and fabrication of a variety of SERS substrate, MNPs-decorated electrospun nanofibrous (NF) mats have enticed much attention due to their unique nanoscale structural and functional properties. This review focuses on the current state of art in the fabrication of plasmonic NF mats with main focus on the pre-mix, in-situ, and ex-situ approaches. The characteristic functional advantages and limitations of these strategies are also highlighted which might be helpful for the researcher community for adopting a suitable approach. The potential of these plasmonic NF mats as a SERS-active optical sensor substrate and their performance parameters such as the limit of detection, analytical range, enhancement factor, and real-world applications are also discussed. The summary and futuristic discussion in this review might be of significant value in developing plasmonic NF mats based SERS-active point-of-care diagnostic chips for a wide range of applications.