The layer copper factor, although widely used and useful, has no theoretical base [SMPS transformers]

In 1D analytical models aimed at calculating ohmic losses in magnetic devices subject to high-frequency effects, the "layer copper factor" is classically used to take layers composed of several conductors into account. The authors show that this well-known factor, introduced by Dowell in 1966, has no theoretical base due to an error in Dowell's original demonstration. However it is re-interpreted as an empirical correcting factor modeling 2D effects of the fields.