Analysis of the effects of storage conditions on the preservation of soybean quality and the prevention of the self-heating process and the occurrence of fires
2012
After harvest, oilseed raw materials must be stored for a longer or shorter
period of time before further processing. The task of storage is the
safekeeping of the stored material with a minimal loss in quality. In order
to preserve wet grain until processing, it is necessary to provide proper
storage conditions. For this purpose, storage in the atmosphere of inert
gases as well as storage in hermetically closed storages is applied. Such
method is uncommon for oil cultures in domestic practice. Experimental
research, analyzed in this paper, with emphasis on the effects of storage
conditions on the preservation of soybean grain quality and the prevention of
possibilities of the occurrence of the self-heating and self-ignition
process, confirms the advantages of application of such method of storage for
soybean grain. Soybean with the moisture content of 10.99% and 16.96% is
stored in steel semi-industrial silo cells with carbon-dioxide atmosphere,
and in hermetically sealed cell. The changes in temperature in the silo
cells, changes in moisture content and discoloration of the soybean grains,
as well as the amount of oil and protein in the grain were monitored during
the experiment. The quality of the oil in grain was determined through the
content of free fatty acids. The results of the research showed that, during
longer period of time (216 days), the quality of the soybean grain in the
sample with higher moisture content (16,96%) was preserved when storage was
performed in carbon dioxide atmosphere. The storage of wet grain in a
hermetically closed cell, in relation to the grain kept in carbon dioxide
atmosphere, did not record significant differences in the examined
indicators. Since the storage under controlled conditions did not result in
the development of processes that would lead to the spontaneous heating of
the soybean mass, the recommendation is to introduce such storage method for
oilseed raw materials into domestic practice, with the additional aim of
increasing the degree of protection against fire and explosions.
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