A Gene Encoding Scots Pine Antimicrobial Protein Sp-AMP2 (PR-19) Confers Increased Tolerance against Botrytis cinerea in Transgenic Tobacco

Both the establishment of sustainable forestry practices and the improvement of commercially grown trees require better understanding of mechanisms used by forest trees to combat microbial pathogens. We investigated the contribution of a gene encoding Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) antimicrobial protein Sp-AMP2 (PR-19) to the host defenses to evaluate the potential of Sp-AMP genes as molecular markers for resistance breeding. We developed transgenic tobacco plants expressing the Sp-AMP2 gene. Transgenic plants showed a reduction in the size of lesions caused by the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea. In order to investigate Sp-AMP2 gene expression level, four transgenic lines were tested in comparison to control and non-transgenic plants. No Sp-AMP2 transcripts were observed in any of the control and non-transgenic plants tested. The transcript of Sp-AMP2 was abundantly present in all transgenic lines. Sp-AMP2 was induced highly in response to the B. cinerea infection at 3 d.p.i. This study provides an insight into the role of Sp-AMP2 and its functional and ecological significance in the regulation of plant–pathogen interactions.