Hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. The hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material is formed by evenly dispersing silicon nanoparticles and graphene into a carbon nanofiber matrix. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps: with a mixed solution of polyacrylonitrile/polymethyl methacrylate/tetraethoxysilane/graphene oxide as a shell solution, with a polymethyl methacrylate solution as a core solution, obtaining a graphene oxide-doped polyacrylonitrile/polymethyl methacrylate/silicon dioxide nanofiber by a coaxial electrospinning technique; pre-oxidizing the obtained nanofiber at 200-300 DEG C, and then carrying out high-temperature carbonization at 500-1,000 DEG C; and finally carrying out thermal reduction to obtain the hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material by magnesium powder. The hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material prepared by the method has the advantages of relatively large specific surface area, porosity and the like; the electrical conductivity of the electrode material is significantly improved; the cycle stability of the lithium battery anode material is improved; and the hollow porous graphene-doped carbon/silicon nanofiber lithium battery anode material has a wide application prospect.