Thermodynamic calculations and analysis of the deoxidation of special alloys by strong deoxidizers and carbon in vacuum

The thermodynamic calculations of the equilibrium activities of oxygen with deoxidizers Al, Ca, Mg, Ti, La, and Ce are performed from the compositions of metal samples taken during melting of special alloys in a vacuum induction furnace. The emf was measured simultaneously with sampling during the immersion of an oxygen sensor into a liquid metal. The results of calculations of the equilibrium oxygen activities with each deoxidizer are compared to the oxygen activities calculated by the measured values of emf and the temperature metal.