Functionalized pyrazoles and pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazinones: Synthesis and evaluation of their phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitory activity

Abstract A series of pyrazoles and pyrazolo[3,4- d ]pyridazinones were synthesized and evaluated for their PDE4 inhibitory activity. All the pyrazoles were found devoid of activity, whereas some of the novel pyrazolo[3,4- d ]pyridazinones showed good activity as PDE4 inhibitors. The most potent compounds in this series showed an IC 50 in the nanomolar range. The ability to inhibit TNF-α release in human PBMCs was determined for two representative compounds, finding values in the sub-micromolar range. SARs studies demonstrated that the best arranged groups around the heterocyclic core are 2-chloro-, 2-methyl- and 3-nitrophenyl at position 2, an ethyl ester at position 4 and a small alkyl group at position 6. Molecular modeling studies performed on a representative compound allowed to define its binding mode to the PDE4B isoform.