Analysis of key genome regions related yield characters of Shuhui527, an elite rice backbone parent.

As one of the backbone parents of hybrid rice breeding at present, Shuhui 527(Oryza sativa) has many merits, such as high general combining ability, strong heterosis of hybrid combination, and many derivative R­lines. In order to clarify the genetic composition and the key genome regions related yield characters of Shuhui 527, the heredity and the entire genome of Shuhui 527 were researched in this study. The results showed that seed­setting rate, filled grain number per panicle, grain number per panicle and panicles were possibly derived from the pedigree of IR24­Shuhui527; the weight of a thousand seeds, plant weight and panicles were possibly derived from the pedigree of Gui630­R1318­Shuhui 527. The genomic map of Shuhui 527 and its related ancestral parents were constructed by scanning the entire genome with 1050 SSR primers, the results revealed that (1) the shared fragments of all varieties (i.e. none polymorphic fragments) accounted for 62.94% ; (2) putative multi­originated fragments (polymorphic marker was unable to identify its origin) accounted for approximately 17.53% ; (3) in the breeding process of Shuhui 527, R1318 had contributed 13.68% fragments, F u36­2 had contributed 0.53% fragments, and IR24 had contributed 1.32% fragments; (4) Shuhui 527 had contributed 4% of DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674­7968.2011.03.001 基金项目:本研究由国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(No. 2011CB100101)资助 收稿日期: 2010­07­23 接受日期: 2010­10­19 农业生物技术学报 Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 稻种资源是水稻育种研究的物质基础。正确选 用优良种质, 是提高育种效率的关键技术之一。过去 对农作物骨干亲本进行了一些研究 (张学勇等 , 2001; 段世华等, 2002; 邱福林等, 2005)。绝大多数以 IR 命名的品种,以及南亚和东南亚地区培育的矮秆 品种具有的矮秆基因,都是来源于中国的矮源品种 低脚乌尖及其衍生品种;分析日本 235 个品种的育 成,也是使用了农林 8号, 农林 22 号等骨干亲本。可 以认为,在某一特定时期骨干亲本必然在育种中发挥 着重要作用。因此, 对同一衍生系统中不同辈序骨干 亲本进行综合分析,可为品种改良和种质资源的有 效利用提供有益参考。针对骨干亲本的系谱、 表型、 基因组区段、 基因和等位基因功能、 互作效应等开展 系统研究, 揭示骨干亲本的表型与基因型特征、 骨干 亲本优良基因或基因组合、等位变异的遗传与作用 机理,加大骨干亲本创制和候选骨干亲本的应用力 度, 实现农作物优质、 抗病、 高产的可持续发展, 对保