[Intensive and high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem cell transfusion for pediatric malignant brain tumor].

: In this study, the newly developed marrow-rescue therapy during myelosuppression is utilized. In this therapy, peripheral blood stem cell transfusion (PBSCT) is administered following high-dose chemotherapy. Harvest of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) during myelosuppression following marrow-ablative chemotherapy is a safe, reliable procedure in children with leukemia. And administration of these cryopreserved PBSC is useful in reducing myelosuppression following intensive/ultra high-dose chemotherapy. In this study, several courses of intensive chemotherapy (1 course: VP-16 300mg/m2 x 5 days + carboplatin 400-500mg/m2 x 3 days) and one course of ultra-high dose chemotherapy (1 course: VP-16 400mg/m2 x 8 days + carboplatin 800mg/m2 x 5 days + MCNU 250, 200mg/m2 x each day) with PBSC transfusion were applied in four cases of pediatric malignant brain tumors (2 cases of medulloblastoma, one case of pineoblastoma and anaplastic ependymoma) after surgical reduction. With PBSC transfusion, myelosuppression following high-dose chemotherapy could be overcome without serious complication in all cases. Three cases showed complete remission and one showed partial remission after the operation and intensive chemotherapy. However, CSF dissemination appeared in two cases and they died 20 and 28 months after the onset respectively. Intensive/ultra high-dose chemotherapy with PBSC transfusion is a safe procedure in children with malignant brain tumors. This procedure may enable the postponement of radiation for pediatric malignant brain tumor cases under three years of age.