Caracterización de compuestos volátiles en néctares de acerola, guayaba y acerola-guayaba: Caracterization of volatile compounds in acerola, guava and acerola-guava nectars

Los compuestos volatiles de nectares de acerola, guayaba y acerola-guayaba fueron aislados por microextraccion en fase solida y analizados por cromatografia de gases-espectrometria de masas. En total, 177, 144 y 181 compuestos en los nectares de acerola, guayaba y acerola-guayaba, respectivamente. Los constituyentes mayoritarios del nectar de acerola fueron el acido acetico (4,3 %), 3-metil-3-buten-1-ol (7,3 %), hexanal (4,5 %), hexan-1-ol (5,0 %), nonanal (4,7 %), hexanoato de hexilo (4,8 %), (E)-β-damascenona (4,8 %) y acido hexadecanoico (4,2 %). En el nectar de guayaba fueron mayoritarios: hexanal (4,2 %),  (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (8,0 %), hexan-1-ol (7,1 %), acetato de (Z)-3-hexenilo (9,8 %), (E)-cariofileno (14,0 %) y acetato de (E)-cinamilo (5,4 %). En el nectar de acerola-guayaba fueron predominantes el hexanal (5,9 %), butanoato de etilo (4,0 %), (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (6,7 %), hexan-1-ol (5,1 %), acetato de (Z)-3-hexenilo (17,0 %), (E)-cariofileno (9,9 %) y acetato de (E)-cinamilo (6,1 %). Palabras clave: compuestos volatiles, nectares, acerola, guayaba, acerola-guayaba.  ABSTRACT Caracterization of volatile compounds in acerola, guava and acerola-guava nectars Volatile components were isolated from acerola, guava and acerola-guava nectars by solid phase microextraction and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In total, 177, 144 and 181 compounds were found in acerola, guava and acerola-guava nectars, respectively. Major constituents in acerola nectar were acetic acid (4.3%), 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (7.3%), hexanal (4.5%), hexan-1-ol (5.0%), nonanal (4.7%), hexyl hexanoate (4.8%), (E)-β-damascenone (4.8%) and hexadecanoic acid (4.2%). In guava nectar were predominant: hexanal (4.2%), (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (8.0%), hexan-1-ol (7.1%), (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (9.8%), (E)-caryophyllene (14.0%) and (E)-cinnamyl acetate (5.4%). Major compounds in acerola-guava nectar were hexanal (5.9%), ethyl butanoate (4.0%), (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol (6.7%), hexan-1-ol (5.1%), (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate (17.0%), (E)-caryophyllene (9.9%) and (E)-cinnamyl acetate (6.1%). Keywords: volatile compounds, nectars, acerola, guava, acerola-guava