A highly sensitive Bezier polygonal hollow core photonic crystal fiber biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance

Abstract Photonic crystal fiber- based plasmonic resonance sensor for detection of refractive index variations of liquids in the range of 1.36–1.39 is proposed. The five layer air hole fiber structure, with the first inner air hole layer forming the air core using Bezier polygon, confines light in the core by the principle of photonic band gaps. Plasmon waves induced on the surface of embedded metallic gold nanowires due to the light propagating in the air core are influenced by the liquid filled in the core. The study on properties of plasmonic excitation is carried out using finite element method. Numerical investigations reveal that the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity value of 34,000 nm RIU −1 and confinement loss factor as high as 73 dB/cm is achieved. The sensor is more suitable in biosensing applications for detecting variations in refractive indices of different biochemical and chemical analytes.