Reactive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in patients with hematological malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation:two cases report and literature review

Objective:To well recognize reactive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in the patients with hematological malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and explore appropriate treatment.Method:Clinical features,laboratory results,treatment and prognosis of two cases with reactive HLH after allo-HSCT were reported,and relevant literatures were reviewed.Result:Two patients both had fever,pancytopenia,hypertriglyceridemia,hemophagocytes in bone marrow and hyper-ferritinemia. Case 2 also developed splenomegaly. Both of them had favorable response to high-dose glucocorticoid.Conclusion:Reactive HLH is a non-infectious systemic inflammatory disorder,which has excellent response to glucocorticoid if infections can be excluded. However,it is critical to prevent and manage the infections following the treatment with high-dose glucocorticoid.