High accuracy indoor positioning scheme using single LED and camera

A high accuracy optical indoor positioning scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which only employs a single light-emitting diode (LED) as the beacon and a camera as the receiver. The camera obtains the angle of arrival of the light using the projection model of the lens, and simultaneously works as photodiodes to measure the received light strength with properly controlled analogue gain and exposure time. The joint measured angle of arrival and received light strength are utilised as the fingerprint to determine the position of the receiver. The experimental results show that the proposed positioning scheme achieves a high precision where the 95th percentile accuracy is 1.97 cm.