Angle of arrival

Angle of arrival (AoA) measurement is a method for determining the direction of propagation of a radio-frequency wave incident on an antenna array or determined from maximum signal strength during antenna rotation. AoA determines the direction by measuring the time difference of arrival (TDOA) at individual elements of the array -- from these delays the AoA can be calculated. Angle of arrival (AoA) measurement is a method for determining the direction of propagation of a radio-frequency wave incident on an antenna array or determined from maximum signal strength during antenna rotation. AoA determines the direction by measuring the time difference of arrival (TDOA) at individual elements of the array -- from these delays the AoA can be calculated. Generally this TDOA measurement is made by measuring the difference in received phase at each element in the antenna array. This can be thought of as beamforming in reverse. In beamforming, the signal from each element is weighed to 'steer' the gain of the antenna array. In AoA, the delay of arrival at each element is measured directly and converted to an AoA measurement.