Fabrication and applications of chitosan-based green materials

Abstract Chitosan has been shown to possess several exceptional potentials due to its excellent physicochemical properties; in spite of this, native chitosan has been found to have only limited use. Hence, there is a need to modify the structure of native chitosan using various biotechnological applications to make it more promising. Chitosan is unique with active primary amino groups that provide a location for the attachment of the side group, which helps to develop versatile materials with desired functionality; this feature allows the modification of its physicochemical characters and altering of its biological properties. Several modifications of chitosan were tested to improve its properties and enhance its performance. This article summarizes the current developments in the fabrication of chitosan for usage as a green material.