Sputum CD34+IL-5Rα+Cells Increase after Allergen: Evidence forIn SituEosinophilopoiesis

Eosinophil lineage–committed progenitors increase in the bone marrow of subjects with asthma developing allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia. Also, higher numbers of circulating eosinophil/basophil cfu have been demonstrated 24 hours after allergen inhalation and in bronchial and nasal biopsies of allergic individuals. These cells may undergo in situ eosinophilopoiesis, suggesting that after allergen inhalation, progenitor cells traffic from the bone marrow to the airways, providing an ongoing source of effector cells. To examine this possibility, CD34+ and CD34+IL-5Rα+ cells were measured in induced sputum from allergic subjects with asthma at baseline and at 7 and 24 hours after allergen and diluent inhalation, using flow cytometry. Isolated early responders (n = 9) were contrasted to dual responders (n = 9), who develop allergen-induced sputum and blood eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness, and to normal control subjects. At baseline, there were significantly fewer sputum...