Wykorzystanie danych lotniczego skanowania laserowego (ALS) oraz analiz widoczności GIS do oceny przemian krajobrazu warownego Twierdzy Kraków

This article features the airborne laser scanning (ALS) data applicability for classification and modelling of 3D objects in a landscape architecture related professions. In order to validate the practicality and efficiency of ALS, classification of selected objects of the Krakow Fortress has been carried out (defence objects from the time of Austro-Hungarian partition annexation period were the subject of this analysis). With ALS data this study identifies forms of fortifications, visualizes data and analyzes visibility to be the base of contemporary decisions and planning of landscape of the Krakow Fortress. 3D GIS analysis showed the high usefulness to identify fortification, visualize these objects and perform visibility analysis. In contrast to traditional methods (inventories and historical documentation), laser scanning data are the new generation of geospatial data. They offer an opportunity to develop a new, faster technology used for the needs of restoration, preservation and inventory of military architecture and landscape planning.