Electromagnetic Radiation and Stability of the Hydrogen Atom

The hydrogen atom is a two-particle electromagnetic system controlled by the interaction between the electron and the proton. So a reliable description about electromagnetic phenomena in it should depend on treatment of the electromagnetic interaction of the periodically changing electric current elements caused by moving charged particles. As a result of pinch effect of the induced fields and interaction of displacement currents, the distribution and propagation of induced field are sharply restricted with increase of frequency, and the induced electric field could be pinched in a narrow tubular space, and at higher frequency it could spread on a bended path near the charged particle. The ground state of the hydrogen atom is a unique steady state, the balance state of mechanics, in which the radiation reaction in one charged particle is counteracted by the action of induced field caused by the other. For an isolated hydrogen atom, the ground state is the natural state; any lower energy orbit is prohibited by action of radiation field, and the higher energy orbit will go back to ground state because of spontaneous radiation. Orbit closure is a necessary condition for any steady orbit to satisfy. The modal response is the steady state of hydrogen atomic orbits. The electron jumps from the ground state to a modal orbit with high discrete energy by resonant absorption. The modal equation of the hydrogen atom was deduced by means of standing wave analysis, and selecting the ground orbit of the hydrogen atom as basic reference to describe the other modal orbits, then the modal equation was changed to the same mathematical form with the Schrodinger equation. PACS 41.60.-m - Radiation by moving charges Light from the hydrogen atom, which is one kind of electromagnetic radiation caused by moving charged particles, is the most important data to understand the structure of the atom. Although there are numerous models to describe the electromagnetic phenomena based on quantum theory, classical electrodynamics, and classical electromagnetics, none of them can interpret the radiation of moving charged particle indisputably and completely. At present, the electromagnetic problems of the hydrogen atom are treated with the motion of single electron controlled by the central field of the nucleus, so the structure of the hydrogen atom is unstable because of the energy emission produced by accelerated electron. But actually, radiation is determined by the induced electric field produced by change of magnetic field that relates to the motions of two charged particles. Clearly, the model of single accelerated electron cannot describe the two changing magnetic fields caused by the two charged particles. Therefore, the current understanding about the radiation of hydrogen atom is only an incomplete, or even incorrect, description.