Ácidos clorogénicos presentes en el café: capacidad antimicrobiana y antioxidante
2019
espanolIntroduccion. Los acidos clorogenicos son componentes de relevancia presentes en las diferentes partes del fruto de cafe; son basicamente esteres de acido trans-cinamico que poseen actividad antioxidante, hipoglicemiante, antiviral, hepatoprotectora y nutraceutica, entre otras. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue recopilar y analizar la informacion disponible en la literatura cientifica sobre la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana presente en el cafe, y algunos de los productos generados durante su procesamiento. Desarrollo. A lo largo del proceso que se lleva a cabo para la obtencion de la bebida de cafe se generan una serie de productos derivados (broza, mucilago, pergamino, “silver skin”), que en muchas ocasiones son subutlizados, a pesar de que poseen cantidades importantes de acidos clorogenicos, lo que potencialmente los convierte en elementos de interes para la industria farmaceutica, cosmetica y alimentaria. Estos productos derivados exhiben importante actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana, especialmente contra microorganismos gram positivos. En Costa Rica, la investigacion referente a los derivados generados durante la produccion del cafe es incipiente, sin embargo, los sectores productivos en conjunto con los investigadores podrian considerarlo como una alternativa novedosa y apta para revalorizar la operacion productiva del grano de cafe. Conclusion. Existe evidencia cientifica que indica que, tanto los granos como los subproductos derivados del cafe poseen compuestos fenolicos que benefician la salud humana. EnglishIntroduction. Chlorogenic acids are present in the different parts of the coffee fruit; they are mainly esters of trans-cinamic acid possessing antioxidant activity, hypoglycemic, antiviral, hepatoprotective and nutraceutical, among others. Objective. The objective of this study was to analyze and summarize the information available in the scientific literature concerning the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity present in coffee and its derived processing by-products. Development. Derived products of coffee processing (pulp, mucilage, parchment, “silver skin”), are in many occasions underutilized, even though they possess significant quantities of chlorogenic acids. These by-products are then considered promissory sources of chlorogenic acids which may be useful for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. These products exhibit important antioxidant and antimicrobial activity especially against Gram positive microorganisms. In Costa Rica, the research focused on the exploitation of the discarded by-products of coffee processing is still incipient, although it could be a suitable alternative for coffee processing industries to give added value to these by-products. Conclusion. There is scientific evidence that indicates that both, the coffee beans and its derived processing by-products have phenolic compound that benefit human health.
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