The role of resistin on metabolic syndrome-induced erectile dysfunction and the possible therapeutic effect of Boldine.

BACKGROUND Resistin is known as a potential mediator of obesity-associated insulin resistance. The high resistin level disrupts nitric oxide (NO)-mediated relaxation which is also important in erectile function. An antioxidant alkaloid, Boldine, is known as anti-diabetic and protects endothelial functions. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate resistin expression in penile tissue in the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and the effect of Boldine treatment on erectile functions in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups; Control, MetS, and boldine treated MetS group. MetS parameters were assessed by serum triglycerides (TG), uric acid (UA), glucose, insulin levels, HOMA index, and waist circumference (WC) / tibia length (TL) ratio. To evaluate erectile functions, intracavernous pressure (ICP) / mean arterial pressure (MAP) ratio was performed during cavernous nerve stimulation. Protein expressions of resistin, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), p(S1177) eNOS and insulin receptor-β were evaluated by western blotting. RESULTS TG, glucose, insulin levels, weight, WC/TL ratio and HOMA index and resistin expression in penile tissue were significantly increased and ICP/MAP values and p (S1177) eNOS expressions in penile tissue were decreased in MetS group. Boldine treatment enhanced ICP/MAP values and insulin receptor-β and p(S1177) eNOS expressions compared to the MetS group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION MetS caused a deterioration in erectile function accompanied by an increase in resistin expression and a reduction in eNOS enzyme activation in the rat penile tissues. Boldine treatment resulted in an improvement in erectile function, independent of resistin expression.