Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the lysyl oxidase-like protein 4 and complement component 3 genes are associated with increased risk for endometriosis and endometriosis-associated infertility.

This study was conducted to assess genetic associations with endometriosis in a Puerto Rican population. Statistically significant differences in the allelic frequencies and genotype distribution of genetic variants in lysyl oxidase-like protein 4 ( LOXL4 ) and complement component 3 ( C3 ) were documented in patients with endometriosis-associated infertility versus controls, and in patients with endometriosis versus controls, respectively. In women who have the risk genotype at both single-nucleotide polymorphisms, the estimated risk for endometriosis nearly doubled.