Hemodialysis leads to plasma depletion of lectin complement pathway initiator molecule ficolin-2.

Introduction This study aimed to investigate changes in complement system-related molecules in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods Patients >18 years of age on maintenance hemodialysis were included. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) methods complement related molecules ficolin-1, ficolin-2, ficolin-3 mannose-binding lectin, long pentraxin 3, complement activation products C3c, and complement activation potentials were measured before and after a single hemodialysis treatment. All patients were dialyzed with synthetic high flux filters >1.6 m2 , respectively, Polyamix and Polysulfone, and the Kt/V was maintained >1.3. Findings Three hundred and four patients were included. There was a modest decrease in plasma level of ficolin-1 (p 0.05). In a random subgroup of 160 patients ficolin-2-binding, ficolin-3-mediated lectin pathway capacity and classical pathway capacity were significantly decreased due to hemodialysis. The complement capacity of the alternative pathway was increased after hemodialysis (p = 0.0101), while mannose-binding lectin-mediated lectin pathway capacity was unaltered (p = 0.79). There was an increase in the complement activation product C3c (p 0.158). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses showed an increased risk for all-cause mortality with increasing ficolin-2 (p = 0.002) after hemodialysis. Discussion Plasma ficolin-2 was virtually depleted from the circulation after hemodialysis. However, elevated plasma ficolin-2 levels after hemodialysis was independently associated with increased mortality.