CARACTERIZAÇÃO MICROPEDOLÓGICA DE SOLOS REABILITADOS APÓS EXPLORAÇÃO DE BAUXITA EM PORTO TROMBETAS (PA)

A micropedological study was carried out in rehabilitated soils after bauxite mining, in sites dating from 1981 to 1987, compared with the Yellow Latosol, as reference, to subsidize soil indicators of rehabilitation. The study was located in Porto Trombetas, district of Oriximina, northwestern Para State. Micromorphological techniques, using EDS/SEM microprobe, optical and scanning electronic microscopy, were used in combination with chemical and physical analysis, at 0-10 and 40-50 cm depths. The Yellow Latosol showed a strong development of microgranular structure, whereas the altered soils presented a great variability with respect to microstructure and micropedological features. The spread of topsoil back onto the sites, due to organic matter richness, favored the surface aggregation. Overall, the altered soils were more massive and with coalesced peds, compared with the Yellow Latosol. SEM/EDS Microchemical analysis have confirmed the heterogeneity of surface altered soils, with occurrence of gibbsite and ferruginous nodules, caulinitic aggregates and soil plasma of 1:1 clay composition, under intense pedobioturbation.