Chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant, and synthetic method thereof

The invention relates to a chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant, and a synthetic method thereof. The general structure of the chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant is represented by a formula in the invention, wherein n=1-2000. According to the synthesis method, natural high molecular chitosan is taken as a base raw material; -NH2 in chitosan and a fatty aldehyde are subjected to condensation reaction so as to obtain Schiff base; NaBH3CN is used for reduction reaction so as to introduce hydrophobic groups and obtain N-alkylated chitosan; a halide containing hydrophilic group -SO3H and N-alkylated chitosan are subjected to substitution reaction to introduce hydrophilic groups, and the novel degradable chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant with obvious amphipathy is obtained. Critical micelle concentration of the chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant is 0.043g/ml, surface tension at the critical micelle concentration is 39.5mN.m . The synthetic method is simple; yield is high; surface properties of the obtained product are excellent; the green safe chitosan amphiphilic polymer surfactant can be prepared with high efficiency and low energy consumption via the environmental-friendly synthesis method; and the synthesis method possesses significant importance on environment protection and resource regeneration.