Retransplantation for hepatitis C-related cirrhosis under long-term pegylated interferon therapy.

Abstract Introduction Because of an increased organ shortage, one of the most controversial questions is whether hepatic retransplantation should be offered to transplant recipients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)–related graft failure because of their worse survival and the inevitable denial of other patients to access to primary transplantation. The objective of the present study was to review our experience with HCV-infected transplant recipients undergoing re–orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for HCV graft cirrhosis and receiving pegylated interferon and ribavirin on a prophylactic basis. Results With a median follow-up of 26 months, all 5 patients are alive with stable graft function. Four patients are still receiving pegylated interferon at a mean duration of 20 months (range, 15–32 months). Although none of the patients has cleared HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction the mean serum levels have decreased significantly when compared with pre-retransplantation amounts. One year after re-OLT, both grade and fibrosis stage had significantly decreased; the rate of post-retransplantation fibrosis progression was significantly lower than that pre-retransplantation (3.4 ± 0.2 vs 0.6 ± 0.3; P