Ration of IL1β / IL1-receptor antagonist (RA) in alveolar macrophages of induced sputum of patients with asthma during long-term follow-up

The aim of the study was to assess ratio IL1β/IL1RA in alveolar macrophages (AM) of induced sputum in patients who receive long-term treatment of asthma. Immunocytochemical study conducted dynamic of this ratio in AM of induced sputum in 43 patients with moderate and severe uncontrolled asthma mean age 49± 2 years. 27 patients had been receiving treatment and self-management education at «The Asthma School» (main group), 16 patients had been receiving treatment without education in outpatient clinics (comparison group). All patients were treated with inhaled steroids (ICS) according to GINA. Mean daily doses of ICS (BDP equivalent, mcg) was 385,7± 51,3 - in main group and 456,6±81,9 - in comparative group (p>0,05). First sputum samplings were obtained at the beginning of the study, second samplings were obtained after 18 months of observation. Results of immunocytochemical staining with IL-1β and IL-1Ra monoclonal antibodies of cell centriphugates obtained using liquid-based cytology method were evaluated via Histology Score method (HScore). Baseline this ratio did not differ in both groups 0,5±0,1 (p>0,05). In 18 month follow-up this ratio of patients of main group was 5,1±1,3 and 0.7±0,2 in comparison group (p We conclude that IL1β/IL1RA ratio may be used as a non-invasive biomarker of airway inflammation and asthma control in long-term treatment.