Effect of Stem Cell Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Induced Bone Marrow Stem Cell Mobilization on Recovery from Acute Tubular Necrosis in Rats

Background: Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is the most common reason for acute kidney injury (AKI), and there is still an absence of effective therapies. Objective: To assess the value of bone marrow cell mobilization by stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapy in rats with gentamicin-induced ATN. Methods: ATN was induced in male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with five daily high-dose intraperitoneal injections of gentamicin. Subcutaneous injections of SCF and GM-CSF were administered simultaneously and these cytokines were observed on days 2, 5, 10, 17, 24, and 31. Peripheral blood and renal tissue CD34+ cell count, mortality rate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), creatinine clearance rate (CCr), and histopathologic lesion scores were determined. Twelve hours after bone marrow ablation (BMA) by lethal X-ray radiation, specific pathogen-free (SPF) ATN rats were given five daily injections of SCF and GM-CSF. BUN, SCr, and histopathologic lesion...