Energy-balancing unequal concentric chain clustering (MIMO-UCC) protocol for IoT system in 5G environment

To improve people life quality or experience, recently the concept of IoT technology has been introduced with a higher degree of variability in term communication capability and applied applications comparing with WSN. The devices in such kind of technology are implanted with multiple radio access interfaces, usually indicated as Multiple-In and Multiple-Out (MIMO) in 5G networks. With the propagation of MIMO service in IoT machines, clustering technique for IoT systems is required to achieve energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel centralized Energy -Balancing Unequal Concentric Chain Clustering (MIMO-UCC) protocol for the IoT system in the context of the 5G environment. Which has a probability-based suboptimal multi-hop path selection algorithm to reduce the burden on the cluster head and adjusting the cluster-head diameter based on the energy level and the distance to the base station. MIMO-UCC use principal vector projection approach, which considers the location of the base station to build an unequal concentric chain clustering.