The antitumor activity of alternating electric fields (TTFields) in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

e14570Background: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are an effective anti-neoplastic treatment modality delivered via application of low intensity, intermediate frequency, alternating electric fields. This therapy is approved for the treatment of patients with glioblastoma. Previous investigations have shown that some of the outcomes of mitosis under TTFields application include abnormal chromosome segregation and ER stress which trigger different forms of cell death. In this study we evaluated whether TTFields induced cancer cell death can be perceived as immunogenic by the immune system, and explored the possibility of combining TTFields with immune-modulating drugs. Methods: Murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and ovarian surface epithelial (MOSE) cells were treated with TTFields using the inovitro system. The exposure of calreticulin (CRT) on the surface of treated cells was evaluated using flow cytometry. HMGB1 secretion was measured using ELISA assay. For in-vivo experiments, mice were implanted with L...