Domain structure and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in CoFe/Pd multilayers using off-axis electron holography

Abstract Multilayers of Co 90 Fe 10 /Pd with different bilayer thicknesses, have been deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering on thermally oxidized Si wafers. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the highly textured crystalline films had columnar structure, while scanning transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy respectively indicated some layer waviness and surface roughness. The magnetic domain structure and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of the Co 90 Fe 10 /Pd multilayers were investigated by off-axis electron holography and magnetic force microscopy. The Co 90 Fe 10 layer thickness was the primary factor determining the magnetic domain size and the perpendicular magnetization: both decreased as the thickness increased. The strongest PMA was observed in the sample with the thinnest magnetic layer of 0.45 nm.