Stem cell factor enhances the survival of irradiated human bone marrow maintained in SCID mice

The effect of recombinant human stem cell factor (SCF) on the response of human fetal bone marrow progenitor cells to irradiation was studied using immunodeficient mice with human fetal bone grafts (SCID/Hu mice). SCID/Hu mice were treated with three intraperitoneal injections of 500 mg/kg SCF at 20 h before, two h before, and four h after 100 cGy total body irradiation. Fourteen days following irradiation, the fetal bone grafts were harvested and studied. Most of the isolated bone marrow cells were human, as determined by flow cytometry. Colony forming assays were performed on the bone marrow to determine the survival of erythroid (BFU-E) and myeloid (CFU-GM) precursor cells. A statistically significant increase in BFU-E and CFU-GM survival after irradiation was observed for bone marrow maintained in the SCF treated mice when compared to bone marrow from mice not treated with SCF. The enhancement in colony forming unit survival after irradiation ranged from 4.3-fold for BFU-E (p = 0.05) to 13.1-fold for CFU-GM (p = 0.002). These findings suggest that SCF may be of potential clinical value for the prevention of radiation-induced myelosuppression.