Ideal regenerative braking torque in collaboration with hydraulic brake system

In the presented hybrid vehicle, the electric motor is used in collaboration with the hydraulic brake system to impose an ideal braking torque to the rear wheel. This, in order to recharge the battery. The first objective aims to recover the maximum kinetic energy available. To achieve this task, the electric motor is used until the reach of its torque limits while an additional hydraulic brake force is exerted at the rear wheel only when it is needed. The second objective aims to improve the brake efficiency by performing the tracking of the ideal brake force distribution. An original aspect of this paper is the proposal of a brake force distribution strategy between the front and rear axles which is based on the tracking of the ideal brake torque (I-curve). The experimental results obtained with a recreational three-wheel electric vehicle validates the implementation of the proposed ideal collaborative braking control strategy.