Периваскулярная жировая ткань и атеросклероз: фенотипические особенности и терапевтический потенциал

This review is devoted to the analysis of data on the study of the endocrine function of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), its role in the synthesis and secretion of adipocyte hormones – adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin). The results of studies on the possible systemic and local effects of PVAT are reflected. Demonstrated data on the phenotypic affiliation of PVAT, the features of its endocrine and paracrine functions. Pro-and anti-inflammatory agents secreted by PVAT affect vascular health and are involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of atherosclerosis. This review summarizes current evidence that PVAT refers to special types of adipose tissue, in terms of both functionality, origin, and role in the development of cardiovascular diseases caused by obesity. In general, PVAT can be considered as a promising pharmacological target for the prevention of cardiovascular risks associated with these diseases.