[Transudative myopic maculopathy: pathogenetic validity and comparative effectiveness of laser interventions].

: The paper presents a retrospective (5-10 years) analysis of results of treatment in a group of patients (104 eyes) with "moist" myopic maculopathy and initial visual acuity from 0.04 to 0.3. Subretinal neovascular membranes were found in 59% of eyes. Localization of the membranes was subfoveolar in 48% of cases, parafoveolar--in 39%, extrafoveolar--in 13%, the size of them being to 300 micrometers in 28%, from 300 to 800--in 58%, more than 800--in 14% of cases. Comparative assessment of effectiveness of various kinds of laser coagulation, laser stimulation and conservative treatment has shown laser coagulation to be the most effective and pathogenetically substantiated method of treatment of neovascular membranes. The most resultant is laser coagulation by the type of "panmacular" in combination with radical laser coagulation of neovascular membranes (if they are present). The most radical is laser coagulation with preservation of a new point of gaze fixation, ensuring preservation of a rather high visual acuity, 0.3. Laser coagulation has a transient effect only in cases of myopic maculopathy without neovascular membranes. Conservative treatment is ineffective. Mechanisms of therapeutic action of laser coagulation and laser stimulation are discussed.