Preclinical studies and clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cell for demyelinating diseases: A systematic review.

AIM Different studies have been performed to investigate the stem cell administration as promising tool for recovery of injured tissue in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the most common demyelinating disease. METHODS In the present systematic review, the electronic databases of PubMed and ScienceDirect were searched to screen English language studies published until April 2020. RESULTS The results obtained from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animals revealed that modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation was associated with remyelination, inflammation suppression and oligodendrocyte precursor cells regeneration. Clinical trials indicated that 70% of the patients with MS showed disease stabilization following MSCs administration. CONCLUSION Although MSC therapy has showed to be effective in the improvement of some patients with MS, designing of larger placebo-controlled clinical trials with MSCs expressing immune-regulators or MSCs-exosomes may provide the novel viewpoint in the treatment of MS.