Stable expression and heredity of alien Glu-1Ssh in wheat-Aegilops sharonensis hybrid progenies

In our previous study, we have isolated novel HMW-GSs with unusually large molecular weight from Aegilops sharonensis; and to introduce this novel HMW-GSs variant into common wheat, we produced a number of amphiploids between various tetraploid wheat, hexaploid wheat and Ae. sharonensis by distant hybridization. In this study, we reported that the characterization of 24 HMW-GSs homozygous lines from wheat-Ae. sharonensis populations derived by continuous backcross or self-cross to common wheat cultivar LM3, which possessed homozygous HMW-GSs compositions including alien HMW-GS of Ae. sharonensis plus B and/or D genomes encoded HMW-GSs of LM3. According to the profiling of HMW-GS, these 24 homozygous lines can be summarized as four types. The results of Non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) indicated that the chromosome numbers of eight of 24 lines were 40, 42, 44 or 45, and the number of alien Ae. sharonensis Ssh were between two and eight. Three 1S(1A) substitution lines, two 1S(1B) substitution lines, three 1S(1D) substitution lines. For the four lines with 44 and 45 chromosomes, they exhibit novel cytogenetic characteristics in which the substitution of 1S(1B) or 1S(1D) and addition of Ae. sharonensis 3S or 4S simultaneously appeared. The 24 homozygous progenies were similar to common wheat LM3 on agronomic traits. Specially, four lines of them showed almost identical agronomic traits to recurrent parent common wheat LM3 than the rest lines. These homozygous progenies could be used not only to evaluate function on quality of single HMW-GS but also to create translocation lines.