Lutein and Zeaxanthin Carotenoids in Eggs

Lutein and zeaxanthin are xanthophyll carotenoids found in plant and animal foods. They play significant roles in human health, particularly the health of eyes, and are linked with reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration and cataracts. Egg yolk is a recognized source of highly bioavailable lutein and zeaxanthin which could boost the daily intake of these carotenoids especially with the availability of lutein- or zeaxanthin-enriched eggs. This chapter summarizes the latest data on carotenoids in eggs and their changes during cooking and processing. It also discusses the profile of carotenoids in eggs as determined by the diet consumed by hens. The potential use of the carotenoid profile to help verify the authenticity of organic eggs is highlighted. An overview of analysis, bioavailability, and health benefits of egg carotenoids is also provided.