Synthesis of Soluble Carboxymethyl Chitosan from Low Molecular Weight of Chitosan
2018
Carboxymethyl chitosan was obtained under heterogeneous conditions as a product of the reaction of
chitosan and monochloroacetic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide. In the previous experiment, showed
that the solubility of carboxymethyl chitosan increased with the decreased of molecular weight of chitosan.
However, the solubility of carboxymethyl chitosan in water and acid solvent were still necessary to be
maximized. In this experiment aims to determine the effect of condition process such as NaOH concentration,
mass ratio chitosan to monochloroacetic acid, and time eterification towards degree of substitution (DS) and
the solubility of carboxymethyl chitosan. Some variables that were used to synthesize carboxymethyl chitosan
were concentrations of sodium hydroxide (20-50 %w/v), etherification times (1-4 hr), and mass ratio chitosan
to monochloro acetic (1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 (v/v). Characterization performed on the synthesized carboxymethyl
chitosan including FTIR, degree of substitution (DS), and solubility properties. The solubility of
carboxymethyl chitosan increased almost linearly with increasing concentration and etherification times. The
maximum DS value being obtained for carboxymethyl chitosan sample synthesized in 50% (w/v) sodium
hydroxide with 4-hour reaction and temperature at 60oC, that is 1.79 and solubility of carboxymethyl
chitosan were 86.3%; 95.2%; 92.3% in water, 1% of HCl and 1% of CH COOH respectively.
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