Development and characterisation of transgenic rice expressing two Bacillus thuringiensis genes

2011 
BACKGROUND: Transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt )w ere first commercialised in 1996. The risk that pests have the potential to evolve resistance to Bt toxins is one of the most serious challenges to this technology. Gene stacking, pyramiding two Bt genes into one variety, is considered to be an effective insect resistance management (IRM) strategy. In this study, insect-resistant rice expressing two Bt genes was developed by sexual crossing, and then characterised. RESULTS: Homozygous rice lines of two pyramided Bt genes were obtained in the F3 generation. Quantification of Bt toxin showedthatproteinconcentrationsofCry1Ab,Cry1AcandCry2Ainthetwo-genelineswerecomparablewiththeirsingle-gene parents, while the expression of cry1C gene decreased after gene stacking. Four two-gene lines showed higher activity to striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker) than parental lines in the laboratory bioassay. All pyramided lines and their hybrids exhibited excellent efficacy against stemborers and leaffolders in field evaluation, while most pyramided lines had no significant differences from original variety in yield under spraying of insecticide. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that the two-gene lines have commercial potential and could serve as a valuable IRM strategy. c � 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
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