Calibration algorithm of the n-port vector network analyser using the general node equation

A new and simple calibration algorithm using general node equations is proposed in the calibration of the n-port vector network analyser (VNA). The crosstalk error term is considered in the error model to achieve high precision. With the general node equations deduced from the general flow graph, the S-parameters can be finally derived. The actual S-parameters of a four-port device can be corrected and compared with measurement results by Agilent VNA E5071B. The good agreement attests the precision of the calibration algorithm.