An improved method for chronic His bundle recordings in conscious dogs

Because anesthetics routinely used in cardiovascular experiments significantly alter the physiological state and electrophysiological function of the heart, our goal was to develop a surgically simple, inexpensive, and reliable animal model for chronic conscious electrophysiological studies. Our method differs from prior methods by implantation of bipolar stainless steel electrodes with pin length varied to adapt for the varied thickness of different cardiac chambers, electrode placement at the junction between the right atrium and aortic root posterior to the right coronary artery for recording the His potential, and unipolar His recordings.