Células madre mesenquimatosas y sus diferentes usos

Introduction: mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) differentiate into multiple cell types for tissue regeneration, this characteristic added with the versatility of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) represent an effective alternative for the treatment of diseases with damaged tissues. They can be obtained from bone marrow, umbilical cord (UC), and fetal blood. Objetive: analyze the types of differentiation of MSC, their extraction methods and their relationship with umbilical cord blood banks (UCBB), in order to demonstrate the efficacy of MSC, in pathologies that involve alteration of a tissue or organ. Methodology: several publications in Spanish and English in Pubmed, Clinicalkey and Science Direct were reviewed; from 2013 to 2020. The terms fetal blood, mesenchymal stem cells, Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cell transplantation and blood banks were used. With this information, a broad overview of mesenchymal cells and how they participate in various areas of health was drawn up, with an important emphasis on their therapeutic uses and where they come from. Conclusion: through the pluripotentiality of MSC, they have been used in multiple pathologies as it successfully re-establishes tissues or cell lines. Also, the resources for obtaining it are key in the tolerance of patients, which is why a great option for obtaining it is the UC, which currently has exclusive banks for this.