Geomagnetic forcing and climatic variations in Europe, North America and in the Pacific Ocean

Abstract The influence of geomagnetic forcing on the variability of key climatic systems including the North Atlantic Oscillation, fluctuations of the temperature in Europe and North America, variability of the rainfall in the Asian Monsoon region, and the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific region was studied to identify possible causes. Statistically significant correlation coefficients were found between geomagnetic activity, the sea-level atmospheric pressure (s.l.p.) and temperature. Enhanced geomagnetic forcing is shown to lead to the intensification of the westerly zonal flow and to fluctuations of temperature in Europe, in the United States, and northern Asia. Correlation coefficients that were found between changes in geomagnetic activity, the All India Rainfall Index and ENSO suggest that the increase of geomagnetic activity in April also strengthens the zonal flow even in the Southern Hemisphere in the southern fall and winter. Strong southerly winds and the cross-equatorial flow extend across the entire Indian Ocean leading to the above-normal monsoon rainfall in India in summer. At a time of decreased geomagnetic activity in April, the Australian high intensifies and the southerly cross-equatorial flow in the Indian Ocean is much weaker. The monsoon rainfall is deficient and an El Nino (Warm event) is usually observed in the Pacific Ocean.