Développer l'intersubjectivité intuitive pour communiquer avec ceux qui sont privés de parole : explication d'une pratique discrète d'accompagnement auprès de personnes atteintes de troubles neurologiques

RESUME: Ce memoire est l'aboutissement d'une recherche entreprise il y a trois ans. J'y decris ma pratique d'accompagnement aupres de personnes atteintes de troubles neurologiques et privees de parole, dans le but de mieux comprendre cette pratique, de la consolider, de la renouveler et de la partager. En posant la question de la communication avec ces personnes, je pose aussi la question de la solidarite et de la reliance. Je veux examiner nos valeurs et nos croyances, et participer a l'evolution des pratiques. C'est une recherche a la premiere personne, une recherche sur l'experience, qui s'appuie sur la subjectivite. Les praticiens developpent des savoirs d'action qui echappent a leur conscience reflexive. Les outils de la methodologie phenomenologique nous aident a prendre conscience de ce que nous savons. Nous accedons aux theories implicites qui vivent au coeur de l'action. La methode d'analyse des donnees est celle de la construction des concepts. Les concepts sont induits par l'experience. Les principaux points qui ressortent de ma recherche sont les suivants: il est essentiel que nous developpions notre sensibilite au preverbal et a l'intuition pour communiquer avec les personnes atteintes de troubles neurologiques et privees de parole. La qualite de nos relations psychiques en depend. Il nous faut evoluer dans notre savoir-faire ethique, developper notre attention pour mieux percevoir, et etendre notre sollicitude. Pour finir, je propose une formation a la communication intuitive intersubjective qui s'adresse a des soignants et a des aidants naturels. Il s'agit de developper notre capacite d'etablir des relations creatrices de sens avec des personnes atteintes de limitations multiples. Cette formation tient compte de plusieurs niveaux de realite: epistemique, pratique et symbolique. Ces niveaux font partie de toute experience. -- Mots cles : communication en deca des mots, toucher, presence, reciprocite, attention, intuition, sollicitude, intersubjectivite. -- ABSTRACT: This work is the result of a research undertaken three years ago. I describe here the way I work with people who are suffering from neurological disorders and deprived of words. My aim in describing it is to reach a better understanding of what I do, to solidify it, to renew it and to share it. I am inquiring about the way we communicate with these people, I am also claiming for solidarity and "reliance". I want to examine our values and our beliefs, and to take part in the evolution of the practices. It is a research in the first person, a research about experience, which is based on subjectivity. The experts develop knowledge based on action which escapes their reflexive conscience. With the help of the phenomenological methodology we become aware of what we know. We reach the implicit theories which live in the heart of the action. The method of analysis of the data is that of the construction of the concepts. The concepts are induced by the experience. The main points that come out from my research are as follows: it is essential that we develop our sensitivity to the preverbal and that we rely on intuition in order to communicate with people who are suffering from neurological diseases and who are deprived of words. The quality of our psychic relations depends on it. It is necessary for us to evolve in our ethical know-how, to develop our attention for better perception, and to extend our solicitude. To finish, I propose a training which is addressed to people who are taking care of those with impairments. lt means to develop intersubjective intuitive communication. We need to go ahead and establish creative relations, as well as meaningful ones, with speechless people. This formation takes account of several levels of reality: epistemic, practical and symbolic. These levels belong to any experience. -- Keywords: communication without words, to touch, presence, reciprocity, attention, intuition, solicitude, intersubjectivity.