Cultured Cell Experimental Models

A great advantage of cell culture-based studies is the ability to control the physical/chemical environment, including temperature and oxygen partial pressure, as well as the physiological environment, including the presence of molecules such as hormones and metabolites, by manipulating culture medium composition and ambient conditions. Although the pathophysiology of changes of the physiological and physical/chemical environments in culture systems has not been investigated in detail, we believe that a deeper analysis of the ingredients of culture media and the identification of growth factors necessary for cell proliferation (in other words, characterization of the microenvironment for cells, which is mainly based on culture medium) will provide a deeper understanding of cellular functions and cell–cell interactions.