Ancel Keys

University of Minnesota System

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Henry L. Taylor

University at Buffalo, State University of New York

Joseph T. Anderson

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Francisco Grande

University of Minnesota

Josef Brožek

University of Pardubice

Austin Henschel

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Olaf Mickelsen

National Institutes of Health

Henry Blackburn

University of Minnesota

Ernst Simonson

Mount Sinai Hospital

Alessandro Menotti

Italian Association for Cancer Research

Flaminio Fidanza

University of Rome Tor Vergata

Cooperative Institutions

University of Minnesota

121

University of Minnesota System

Istituto Superiore di Sanità

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment

Harvard University

University of Minnesota Medical Center

National Institutes of Health

University of Eastern Finland

Minneapolis Institute of Arts

University of Belgrade

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Limitations of the "Normal" Body Weight as a Criterion of Normality

Science (1950)

J. Brozcaronek Ancel Keys

10.1126/science.112.2922.788

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Citations (28)

The apparent permeability of the capillary membrane in man

Transactions of the Faraday Society (1937)

Ancel Keys

A. Keys, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1937, 33, 930 DOI: 10.1039/TF9373300930

10.1039/tf9373300930

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Citations (16)

CHOLESTEROL, "GIANT MOLECULES," AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Journal of the American Medical Association (1951)

Ancel Keys

The general idea is well established that there is an important relationship between the concentration of cholesterol in the blood plasma and the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The study of the epidemiology of the disease is as yet only in its crudest beginnings, but two points are agreed. Whenever there is a persistently high level of cholesterol in the blood, there is a tendency toward early and severe atherosclerosis. And whenever there is severe atherosclerosis, there is a high incidence of coronary heart disease. The list of diseases in which occurrence of coronary heart disease is unduly frequent is familiar: diabetes, nephrosis, hypothyroidism, xanthomatosis. These have the common property of being associated with hypercholesteremia. Moreover, in animal experiments whenever it is possible to produce sustained, marked hypercholesteremia, there is eventually development of atherosclerosis. Finally, there is the crucial fact that patients with definite coronary disease tend to

Coronary atherosclerosis

Nephrosis

Blood cholesterol

Coronary disease

10.1001/jama.1951.03670330006003

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Citations (53)

The Relation of the Oxygen Tension in the External Respiratory Medium to the Oxygen Consumption of Fishes

Science (1930)

Ancel Keys

Consumption

Oxygen tension

10.1126/science.71.1833.195

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Citations (10)

‘Chloride secreting cells’ in the gills of fishes, with special reference to the common eel

The Journal of Physiology (1932)

Ancel Keys E. N. Willmer

10.1113/jphysiol.1932.sp002932

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Citations (314)

PREDICTION OF SERUM-CHOLESTEROL RESPONSES OF MAN TO CHANGES IN FATS IN THE DIET

Nutrition Reviews (2009)

Ancel Keys Joseph T. Anderson Francisco Grande

Journal Article Prediction of Serum-Cholesterol Responses of Man to Changes in Fats in the Diet Get access Ancel Keys, Ancel Keys Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joseph T. Anderson, Joseph T. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Francisco Grande Francisco Grande Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nutrition Reviews, Volume 46, Issue 5, May 1988, Pages 195–197, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1988.tb05424.x Published: 01 May 1988

Serum cholesterol

10.1111/j.1753-4887.1988.tb05424.x

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Citations (0)

AMYTAL ANESTHESIA IN FISHES

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (1930)

Ancel Keys N. A. Wells

The literature on the effects of amytal on metabolism is briefly reviewed. We have not been able to find reference to the use of this narcotic with other than mammalian species. It was found to be possible to bring about complete anesthesia in fishes with cessation of all movements but those of respiration and heart action by the intraperitoneal injection of the alkaline solution of amytal diluted in Ringer's solution. The effective range of the drug appears to be much narrower in fishes than in the mammals so far investigated. The best dosage for the four species of fishes studied seemed to be from 40 to 54 mgm. of amytal per kilogram; with this dosage anesthesia lasted from four to eighteen hours. In salt water fishes the anesthesia was usually complete within 20 minutes after the injection, but in the two species of fresh water fishes the effects of the drug were not very marked until after an hour or an hour and a half. However, the ultimate anesthesia was more profound, if anything, then in the marine fishes under the same dosage. The rate of respiratory movements and the rate of oxygen consumption of the fishes anesthetized with amytal were studied. The rate of respiratory movements was very markedly retarded and remained very regular and fairly deep for some hours before the animal emerged from narcosis. The rate of oxygen consumption was decreased by the amytal, usually the decrease amounting to about 40 per cent of the normal rate. As the effects of the drug wore off the oxyten consumption increased, reaching a level from 10 to 25 per cent higher than the normal rate for a short time after the animal was apparently completely out of the narcosis. This increase is thought to indicate an oxygen debt accumulated during the anesthesia, which would mean that the drug exerted a specific adverse action on the respiratory mechanism of the fish or of its tissues.

Narcotic

Respiratory Rate

Artificial respiration

Fresh water

10.1016/s0022-3565(25)05212-7

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Citations (14)

Mode of life and the development of heart disease; research for a preventive hygiene.

PubMed (1948)

Ancel Keys

Mode (computer interface)

Source

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Citations (10)

The Organic Metabolism of Sea-water with Special Reference to the Ultimate Food Cycle in the Sea

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (1935)

Ancel Keys E. Hohwü Christensen August Krogh

Studies are reported of the behaviour of stored sea-water with regard to oxygen, ammonia, and bacteria content in relation to the conditions of storage and to the effect of various filtration procedures. When sea-water is sterilised by filtration and stored in the dark, the oxygen content remains constant or diminishes only by less than 0·07c.c. per litre in several hundred hours. In non-sterile experiments there is always an oxygen consumption roughly parallel to a bacterial multiplication which begins very suddenly after collection of the water. These effects are greatest in “raw” water, less in paper-filtered water and least in water which is doubly filtered.

Filtration (mathematics)

10.1017/s0025315400045173

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Citations (36)

Comparison of Multivariate Predictive Power of Major Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Diseases in Different Countries: Results from Eight Nations of the Seven Countries Study, 25-Year Follow-up

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (1996)

Alessandro Menotti Ancel Keys H Blackburn Daan Kromhout M. J. Karvonen

It was hypothesized that among eight national groups of men aged 40-59 years enrolled in the Seven Countries Study, the multivariate coefficients of major risk factors predicting coronary heart disease mortality over 25 years would be relatively similar.Sixteen cohorts were located in eight nations and pooled, comprising one cohort in the USA, two in Finland, one in the Netherlands, three in Italy, two in Croatia (former Yugoslavia), three in Serbia (Yugoslavia), two in Greece and two in Japan, for a total of over 12000 subjects at entry. Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality was defined as fatal myocardial infarction or sudden coronary death, and proportional hazard models were solved, for each country, with age, serum cholesterol level, systolic blood pressure and cigarette consumption as covariates.The relationships between risk factors and CHD mortality were statistically significant for all risk factors and for all countries, except for age in Croatia and Japan, cholesterol in Croatia and Japan, systolic blood pressure in Serbia and Greece, and cigarette-smoking in the Netherlands, Croatia, Serbia and Greece. When comparing all pairs of coefficients (28 comparisons for each factor) significant differences were found on four occasions for age, on six occasions for cholesterol, on no occasion for blood pressure and on four occasions for cigarette-smoking. Other tests suggested a substantial homogeneity among multivariate coefficients. Estimates for pooled coefficients were: age, in years, 0.0570 (95% confidence limits 0.0465 and 0.0673); relative risk for 5 years 1.33 (95% confidence limits 1.26 and 1.40); serum cholesterol level in mg/dl, 0.0057 (95% confidence limits 0.0045 and 0.0069); relative risk for 40 mg/dl 1.31 (95% confidence limits 1.20 and 1.31); systolic blood pressure in mmHg, 0.0160, (95% confidence limits 0.0134 and 0.0185), relative risk for 20 mmHg 1.38 (95% confidence limits 1.31 and 1.45); cigarettes per day, 0.0220 (95% confidence limits 0.0170 and 0.0272); relative risk for 10 cigarettes per day 1.25 (95% confidence limits 1.18 and 1.31).Great similarities were found in the multivariate coefficients of major coronary risk factors to CHD risk derived from population samples varying in CHD frequency.

Predictive power

10.1177/174182679600300110

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Citations (103)